The init.ora file stores the initialization parameters of oracle. The values that are currently in effect can be viwed through v$parameter.The default location of init.ora is %ORACLE_HOME%\database on windows.The location can be changed by changing ORA_%ORACLE_SID%_PFILE. The default name for the file is init%ORACLE_SID%.ora.However, it is possible to start the database with another init.ora file than the default one. In this case, there is noway to determine which init.ora was used when the database is running.